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Saliva: Newer avenues in the era of molecular biology, diagnostic and prognostic application
Abhishek Singh Nayyar1, Mubeen Khan2, Bharat Deosarkar3, Soniya Bharat Deosarkar4, KV Chalapathi5, G Kartheek6, B Kartheeki1
1 Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Medicine and Radiology, Saraswati-Dhanwantari Dental College and Hospital and Post-Graduate Research Institute, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India
2 Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
3 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saraswati-Dhanwantari Dental College and Hospital and Post-Graduate Research Institute, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India
4 Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Saraswati-Dhanwantari Dental College and Hospital and Post-Graduate Research Institute, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India
5 Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Pathology and Microbiology, Care Dental College and Hospital, Guntur, India
6 Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Pathology and Microbiology, KIMS Dental College and Hospital, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Abhishek Singh Nayyar
Reader Cum Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Parbhani, Maharashtra
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/jmedsci.jmedsci_88_16
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The salivary fluid has an old history of study, but its physiological importance has only been recognized recently. In the past 50 years, the pace of salivary research has accelerated with the advent of new techniques that illuminated the biochemical and physicochemical properties of saliva. The interest in saliva increased, further, with the finding that saliva is filled with hundreds of components that might serve to detect systemic diseases and/or act as an evidence of exposure to various harmful substances as well as provide biomarkers of health and disease. The role of saliva in the diagnosis as well as monitoring of glycemic control has, also, been attracting attention of clinical researchers in recent times although results have been conflicting. To conclude, saliva is a whole, diverse fluid that serves various purposes discussed in detail in the literature. The recent introduction of molecular biology opens up, once again, new vistas and a new search of the role of salivary fluid as a potential diagnostic tool which has an added advantage of being noninvasive. The present review presents such insight into the possible use of salivary fluid as a potential diagnostic and prognostic tool for the search of numerous diseases as well as for monitoring the treatment outcomes and assesses prognosis in such varied states of derangements of metabolic functions. |
